We have had our first winter storm where I live in North America. No doubt it will result in jokes about "we just got three inches of global warming."
But when the Polar Vortex brings colder weather and more snow to northern North America, it really IS the result of a warming planet. Here's how it works:
Warmer water in the arctic warms the air above it more than in years past. The North Pole is currently 36 degrees warmer than usual. The warm air rises, and it is more humid than in years past because of the warmer water.
When it gets up high, the warmer water moves southward. As it cools off, and gets even colder than it started because it is up to high. Being cold, it drops down closer to the planet again, bringing colder air to the surface, where it is pulled back up north to replace the rising air. This causes cold, humid wind to be felt farther and farther south as warmer and warmer air rises over the North Pole.
But because the planet rotates, the wind doesn't go straight south to north. It rotates around the North Pole, west to east, or counter-clockwise as you look down from above.
This is exactly what happens with a hurricane, except that it is not at the North Pole. Warm air rises in the middle (the Eye) and air rushes in from the sides to replace it, rotating around the eye counter-clockwise. The way the Earth rotates, and the tidal currents, make hurricanes move. The rotation of the Earth keeps the Polar Vortex in place, centered on the North Pole.
And THAT is how a warming planet can cause colder, snowier winters in parts of North America.
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Bonus note: People who really and truly think "it's cold where I am today so the planet can't be warming" are engaging in inductive reasoning, i.e. making broad generalizations based on limited specific observations. This is a logical fallacy.
Proper deductive reasoning requires a large number of observations (data points) to be merged into a model or framework (theory) that can be used to predict future specific observations within acceptable error.
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